The following are some of the most typical accessories and cooling system
function from the compressor and the order of the direction of flow.
1-Download Muffler.
Function: flow minimize pulsations caused by the reciprocating compressor and vibration and noise to prevent break welds of pipe joints and damage reach parts; also it serves to minimize the noise level.
Location: in the pipeline immediately to the compressor discharge.
Main application: for semi-hermetic reciprocating compressors. Hermetic compressors are internally your muffler.
2-Oil Separator.
Function: Separating the oil leaving the compressor into the system together with the refrigerant gas and returned to the crankcase, particularly in cases where there is the possibility of poor oil return to the compressor. Primary and naturally as it should be solved oil return to the compressor is proper sizing and design of the cooling pipes, especially suction.
Applications: For low temperature systems, for systems average temperature in the condensing unit is above the level of the evaporator and for systems with very long pipes between UC and the EU, or multi-circuits as in the case of supermarkets. For air conditioning systems usually is not necessary, with one exception.
Location: In the discharge line, immediately the compressor outlet.
3-Line Filter Oil Dehydrator.
Function: Providing filtration and drying oil. In the oil it is mostly where contamination accumulates. It is an excellent aid for decontamination and protection systems
refrigeration.
Application: Cooling systems in parallel (racks), but actually is an accessory that should lead all refrigeration systems with hermetic and semi-hermetic compressors have an oil return line to the compressor.
Location: In the return line between the oil separator and compressor.
4-valve (or check).
Function: Allows the flow only in one direction indicated by the arrow on the valve.
Application: It depends on the need. In the case of the figure, serve to that when the unit
Condensing is stopped, at a low outside environment, the refrigerant condenses only go into the hall tank and not to the separator because if that were the case, there would be liquid in the bottom of the oil separator and opening the floater gear oil return liquid instead of the crankcase oil.
Location: anywhere that may be required.
5-angle valves service.
Function: Cut or allow flow to service the cooling system.
Application: Where are required.
Location: Mostly in the inlet and outlet receiver tank. They could also go directly to the liquid pipes.
6-filter dehydrator liquid line.
Function: Retain the existing contamination in the cooling system. Pollution is highly damaging and almost always ends in compressor damage, plus damage or affect the operation of other parts of the system such as VTE. More aggressive pollutants are retained moisture, acids, dirt, sludge, varnish, burrs; there are other contaminants such as waxes that cause blockage. Most of the contaminants in the refrigerant cause heartburn and this in turn is the main cause of burn compressor. Currently, using HFC refrigerants and POE oils are highly hygroscopic, deshidratadotes very high capacity filters of humidity, acids and solid contamination are required.
Application: For the liquid line. It is noteworthy that as the pollutants are different and cause problems in different components must be able to recognize what type of filter drier used for every need and where applicable install. It is not appropriate to use one dehydrator for all.
Location: In the liquid line to the tank outlet receiver, or the condenser when no receiver.
7-liquid and humidity indicator (or peephole, or viewfinder).
Function: It is the window into the system to recognize if the conditions of refrigerant are
suitable for system operation; on the one hand it shows if the refrigerant is fully liquid before entering the expansion valve (essential requirement), and if it is free of moisture, Moisture creates obstructions in the VTE and produces acidity in the coolant. There should be no bubbles in the viewfinder.
Application: In all cooling system. For reasons of economy it is not customary in small systems
(Fractional).
Location: In the liquid line.
8-type manual valve diaphragm.
Function: Cut or allow the flow manually. By design provides a pressure drop.
Application: In any refrigeration system.
Location: Anywhere in the system where required. Mostly used liquid line after the dehydrator and the indicator liquid.
9-valve solenoid.
Function: Cut or allow flow electrically, allowing remote automatic control refrigerant flow.
Application: Mainly in the liquid line for both control operation to
liquid shock protection, also the hot gas line for defrosting the evaporator, or capacity control, and the suction line for service and / or control in refrigeration systems in parallel. The form of selection for gas applications is different.
Location: Anywhere cooling system where required.
Note: As it is important to the proper selection of any of the accessories, in the case of the solenoid valves is very important, because if the valve is too small for the required capacity, will cause a large pressure drop and therefore loss of system capacity, and if very large is selected, it could not operate because they require a minimum operating pressure drop to remain open; many valves are returned under warranty because apparently do not work and results are good, only they were poorly selected. It is also important to stress that the solenoid valves should be selected for their ability in tonnes and type of refrigerant before the diameter of the connection; otherwise, the valve may be very small and do result the system to lose capacity.
10-ball valve.
Function: It is also a manual bypass valve, but "without pressure drop"; some people
warrant for being a quick-closing valve but this is a secondary benefit. With no pressure drop, it does not adversely affect the efficiency or the cost of system operation.
Application: In any cooling system where needed care to maximize the efficiency and cost of system operation. Many people believe that this valve price is more expensive, but they lose sight of the great savings in operating cost and high efficiency of the system, which is forever.
Location: Anywhere in the system where required.
regulating valve
11 evaporating pressure
Function: Controls the evaporation pressure and therefore the evaporation temperature, thereby achieving the desired application of cooling in a refrigeration system with multiple evaporadotes that must operate at different temperatures, or for systems in parallel.
Application: Mostly for cooling systems in parallel, such as supermarkets or industrial refrigeration systems.
Location: At the exit of each evaporator in the suction line.
12, suction filter drier.
Function: Protects the compressor. Retains existing pollution in the system before the compressor to protect it. Pollution is highly damaging and almost always ends in damage to the compressor, especially acidity and dirt. Most of the contaminants in the refrigerant cause heartburn and this in turn is the main cause of burn compressor.
Application: suction line. It is noteworthy that for all standard type compressor
hermetic and semi-hermetic should carry a suction filter drier, it's like your life insurance and thus saves a lot of money. Unfortunately, for cultural reason of false economy and low technical preparation, in most Latin American countries, the suction filter is not valued and less installed, it looks very expensive, but deep down we should ask that it is more expensive Does suction dehydrator or compressor ?, the suction dehydrator or downtime of an industrial process that depends on the cooling ?.
Location: In the suction line before the compressor.
Observations: dehydrators suction ports are equipped with the pressure test
input and output to verify the behavior of the pressure drop through this, both the
time of installation, as when he has retained contaminants; this is in order that the increase of the pressure drop does not exceed certain limits, and that likewise, with increasing pressure drop, fall system capacity, power consumption will increase and there will be damage to the compressor. Selecting a guy dehydrator, you run the risk of falling from dangerous pressure from origin. Moreover, it is recommended that the suction dehydrator is installed vertically with the downward flow, or at least inclined.
13-suction accumulator.
Function: Protects the compressor against possible returns of liquid refrigerant.
Application: All low temperature systems, particularly those with system hot gas defrost. Any system subject to possible liquid returns to the compressor, for example, when subjected to thermal load variations.
Location: In the suction line before the compressor.
14-throttle crankcase pressure (or suction).
Function: Protects the compressor against overload caused by high mass flow above the
compressor capacity. Regulates the inlet pressure to protect against overloads during the
initial startup or after a thaw. Also when the capacity of the compressor motor is
limited.
Application: Cooling systems where the suction pressure becomes very high possibly. Once you are normalizing pressures, the valve being left open again.
Location: In the suction line just before the compressor inlet.
It is important to emphasize on the proper selection of each of the components and accessories
system, first for the system is properly balanced, and second for maximum capacity, lower cost of operation and safety of the equipment is protected against damage.
When components and accessories are not properly selected, the risk that significant drops in pressure loss necessarily impact capacity, high operating cost and damage to the compressor and is EVT mail.